Eton College

• Clark, Walter Aaron. "Money-Coutts, Francis Burdett." New Grove Dictionary of Opera. Ed. Stanley Sadie. London: Macmillan, 1992.
• Coutts, Francis. The Girls of England. London: Hatchards, 1882. Available at the University of Toronto Libraries Online Resources.
• --. Poems. London: John Lane, The Bodley Head; New York, N. Y.: George H. Richmond and Co., 1896. Available at the University of Toronto Libraries Online Resources.
• --. The Alhambra and other poems. London : John Lane, The Bodley Head, 1898. Available at the University of Toronto Libraries Online Resources.
• --. The Revelation of St. Love the Divine. London: John Lane, The Bodley Head, 1898. Available at the University of Toronto Libraries Online Resources.
• --. The Mystery of Godliness. London: John Lane, The Bodley Head, 1900. Available at the University of Toronto Libraries Online Resources.
• --. The nut-brown Maid. London: John Lane, The Bodley Head, 1901. Available at the University of Toronto Libraries Online Resources.
• --. Musa Verticordia. London: John Lane, The Bodley Head, 1905. Available at the University of Toronto Libraries Online Resources.
• --. Egypt, and other poems. London: John Lane, The Bodley Head, 1912. Available at the University of Toronto Libraries Online Resources.
• --. Psyche. London: John Lane, The Bodley Head; New York, N. Y.: John Lane and Co., 1912. Available at the University of Toronto Libraries Online Resources.
• --. The Spacious Times and Others. London: John Lane, The Bodley Head; New York, N. Y.: John Lane Co., 1920. Available at the University of Toronto Libraries Online Resources.
• --. Selected Poems. London: The Bodley Head, 1923.

John Byrne Leicester Warren, Lord De Tabley, was a literary scholar, a numismatist, and a botanist. Born April 26, 1835, Warren was educated at Eton College and then at Christ Church, Oxford, from which he graduated B.A. in 1859 and MA one year later. Between 1659 and his death in 1895, Warren published a dozen volumes of poetry, the last two of which -- Poems, Dramatic and Lyrical (1893) and its second series (1895) -- enjoyed success. His greatest achievement was his The Flora of Cheshire, published only in 1899.

• Garnett, Richard. "Warren, John Byrne Leicester, third Baron de Tabley (1835–1895)." Rev. Megan A. Stephan. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Ed. H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison. Oxford: OUP, 2004. Online ed. Ed. Lawrence Goldman. Sept. 2010.

Robert Bridges was born October 23, 1844, in Walmer, Kent. Educated at Eton College from 1854 to 1863, at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, from 1863 to 1867, where he took a B.A., and finally at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, where he completed his M.B. in 1874. He served as a physician successively in London at St. Bartholomew's Hospital and the Hospital for Sick Children on Great Ormond Street, and at the Great Northern Hospital, Holloway, before retiring from his medical practice in 1882 to live at Yattendon. Two years later, on September 3, 1884, he married Monica Waterhouse. They had three children, Elizabeth, Margaret, and Edward. Before retirement he had published four books of verse, but afterwards his writing took up much more of his energy. In 1893 he published a study of Milton's prosody. By 1905 a collection of his poetry and verse plays occupied six volumes. He edited the works of poets such as Mary Coleridge and Digby Mackworth Dolben, but he also befriended one of the greatest Victorian poets, then utterly known, Gerard Manley Hopkins, and after his death, edited and published his collected poems in 1918. This act od dedicated friendship alone puts modern English poetry in debt to Bridges. Oxford University awarded him a D. Litt. in 1912, and a year later he became Poet Laureate and co-founded, with Henry Bradley and Walter Raleigh, the Society for Pure English. Bridges experimented with quantitative hexameters and unrhyming verse late in his life, when he lived near Oxford. His The Testament of Beauty (1929), in four cantos, is the pre-eminent long philosophical poem in English before T. S. Eliot's The Four Quartets. Bridges died on April 21, 1930, in Chilswell, Oxford. Here are Bridges' principal books of poetry:

• Bridges, Robert. Poems. London: Pickering, 1873. end .B753 A155 Fisher Rare Books Library
• --. The Growth of Love. London: Bumpus, 1876. Revised edn. Oxford: Daniel, 1889. end .B753 G76 1890 Fisher Rare Books Library
• --. Eros & Psyche. London: Bell, 1885. PR4161 .B6 N38 Robarts Library. Revised edn. 1894. end .B753 E76 1894 Fisher Rare Books Library
• --. The Shorter Poems. London: Bell, 1890-94.
• --. Shorter Poems Book V. Oxford: H. Daniel, 1893.
• --. Poetical Works. 6 vols. London: Smith, Elder, 1898-1905.
• --. Poetical Works. London: Oxford University Press, 1912.
• --. October and Other Poems, with Occasional Verses on the War. London: Heinemann, 1920. PR4161 .B6 O38 Robarts Library
• --. New Verse: Explanations of the Prosody of My Late Syllabic Free Verse. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1925. end .B753 N48 1925 Fisher Rare Books Library
• --. The Tapestry. London, 1925.
• --. The Testament of Beauty. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1929. PR 4161 .B6T4 Robarts Library

For more about Bridges' works and life, see

• Hamilton, Lee Tamplin. Robert Bridges: An Annotated Bibliography, 1873-1988. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1991. Z 8119.2 .H36 Robarts Library
• Phillips, Catherine. Robert Bridges: A Biography. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992. PR 4161 .B6Z82 Robarts Library
• --. “Bridges, Robert Seymour (1844-1930).” Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Ed. H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison. Oxford: OUP, 2004.

The astronomer John Frederick William Herschel was born on March 7, 1792, in Slough, Buckinghamshire. He attended Dr. Gretton's School in Hitcham, Eton College (briefly), and St. John's College Cambridge first as a student (1809-13), and then as elected fellow, graduating with M.A. in 1816. Many honours came to him quickly. The Royal Society elected him a fellow in 1813, he received the Copley Medal in 1821, he became President of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1827, and he was knighted in 1831. Herschel's research discoveries crisscrossed several fields, mathematics (differential calculus), chemistry, and astronomy, particularly in the last through his catalogues of double stars and nebulae, and his studies of Halley's comet in 1835-36 at the Cape of Good Hope. His major works were Preliminary Discourse on the Study of Natural Philosophy (1830) and A Treatise on Astronomy (1833), later revised into one of the most celebrated scientific treatises ever published, Outlines of Astronomy (1849). Herschel's love of poetry emerged in his translation of works by Schiller, Bürger, Homer (the entire Iliad), and Dante. Certain of his poems came out in Essays (1857). Shortly after Herschel became Master of the Mint in 1850, he retired to Collingwood, at Hawkwood in Kent, with his wife, Margaret Brodie, whom he had married on March 3, 1829. He died there on May 11, 1871, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

• C., A. M. "Herschel, Sir John Frederick William." The Dictionary of National Biography. Ed. Sir Leslie Stephen and Sir Sidney Lee. Vol. IX. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1921-22. 714-19.
• Herschel, Sir John Frederick William. Essays from the Edinburgh and Quarterly Reviews, with other addresses and other pieces. London, Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts, 1857. sci RBSC 1 Fisher Rare Book Library
• Letters and papers of Sir John Herschel: a guide to the manuscripts and microfilm. Ed. Paul Kesaris. Intro. Michael J. Crowe. Frederick, Md: University Publications of America, 1990. QB 36 .H59A4 1990 guide Gerstein Library
•  

The son of Sir James F. Stephen, a criminal court judge, and Mary Richenda Cunningham, James Kenneth Stephen, known as "Jem" to his friends, was educated at Eton College and King's College, Cambridge. He joined the secret, apparently homosexual society known as the Apostles, and became a Fellow of King's College in 1885, two years after being hired as tutor to Prince Albert Victor Edward, heir to the throne, who studied at Trinity College 1883-85. In 1888, by then a barrister and distanced from the royal family, Stephen founded a weekly journal The Reflector, but it lasted only for 17 numbers, although he had many literary friends (one of his cousins was Virginia Woolf) and had quickly acquired a reputation as a satirical poet. Stephen was committed to St. Andrew's Hospital, Northampton, in November 1891, suffering from mental illness, likely manic depression. He had struck his head in an accident at Felixstowe five years before--a point after which friends, Virginia Woolf included, began to interpret his behaviour as madness. After refusing all nourishment, Stephen died early February 1892, a few weeks after the prince he tutored. Arthur C. Benson's The Leaves of the Tree: Studies in Biography (London: Smith, Elder, 1911; CT 782 B3 Robarts Library) discusses Stephen's life; and David Abrahamson's Murder & Madness: the Secret Life of Jack the Ripper (London: Robson Books, 1992; HV 6535 G73 L653 1992 Robarts Library) transcribes Stephen's medical records. The claim that Stephen and the Prince were Jack the Ripper is based on weak circumstantial evidence and a psychoanalytic reading of his mysogynistic poems.

• Smith, K. J. M.. "Stephen, Sir James Fitzjames, first baronet (1829–1894)." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Ed. H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison. Oxford: OUP, 2004. Online ed. Ed. Lawrence Goldman. Jan. 2012.

Julian H. F. Grenfell was born March 30, 1888, and died in battle on May 26, 1915, a captain in the Royal Dragoons. For a biography, see Nicholas Mosley, Julian Grenfell, his life and the times of his death, 1888-1915 (New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1976).